A 2015 Maryland law requires that juvenile defendants charged with adult crimes must be housed in juvenile facilities until their request to transfer the case back to juvenile court has been denied. Legally speaking the transfer request is called a reverse waiver hearing. This is an essential stage of the case, and all child defendants must be afforded the opportunity to have their lawyer argue for the case to be heard in juvenile court. Adult criminal court simply does not offer the same type of services and support as juvenile court and is focused on punishment rather than the education and treatment.
Defendants under the age of 18 who commit a felony such as first degree assault or robbery with a firearm must petition a circuit court judge for a reverse waiver in order to be tried in juvenile court. Juvenile courts do not have original jurisdiction for serious offenses of this nature. The process of waiving a case down does not happen automatically and if a motion is not filed the defendant may lose this opportunity. At the reverse waiver hearing the judge will consider numerous factors such as the age of the child, the risk to public safety and the mental and physical condition of the child. If the judge denies the reverse waiver the child must then be transferred to an adult jail facility pending the results of the trial. Defendants that are in school at juvenile facilities will be taken out and sent to jails that offer minimal educational opportunities, and according to these reports struggle to keep their most vulnerable defendants safe.
A judge who denies a reverse waiver request is not permitted to order the child to be housed at a secure juvenile facility pending trial, as these facilities have no legal authority to continue to house the child at that point. It doesn’t matter if the juvenile has behaved perfectly and is succeeding in school, which is exactly why it’s so important to be prepared to present a persuasive case for reverse waiver. Juveniles that are sent to adult court are more likely to be re-arrested and are more likely to commit another serious crime than those who are kept in juvenile court, and now we know that they may be in danger of mistreatment at adult facilities. The Blog will keep track of this story and may post a follow up article pending the findings of the ongoing investigation. Even if the investigation does not turn up evidence of wrongdoing we hope that all jail facilities in the state are now on notice that placing their child inmates at risk will not be tolerated.
Benjamin Herbst is a juvenile criminal defense lawyer that handles cases in all Maryland jurisdictions including representation at intake hearings. Contact Benjamin for a free consultation anytime at 410-207-2598.
Resources
State investigates after Maryland jails caught breaking the law on housing teen inmates, foxbaltimore.com.